Ramadan 2026 dates to be determined by lunar sighting

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Date of Ramadan’s Start Uncertain Until Moon Sighting Confirmed

The start date of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, is expected to be either Wednesday, February 18 or Thursday, February 19. The exact date depends on the sighting of the new moon by local authorities.

Ramadan is determined by the Islamic lunar calendar, which begins with the sighting of the crescent moon. In Saudi Arabia and other Muslim-majority countries, the start of the month is confirmed based on testimonies from moon sighters.

The process involves a series of astronomical calculations and observations. Moon sighters face west with a clear view of the horizon to spot the new moon after sunset on February 17. If the moon is visible, Ramadan begins, with the first day of fasting scheduled for February 18. Otherwise, the month of Shaban completes its 30 days, and the first fasting day will be February 19.

Astronomers consider three factors when trying to view the moon at sunset: elongation, altitude, and lag time. The moon must be far enough from the sun to ensure its light is not drowned out, and it must be high enough in the sky to be visible with the naked eye or optical aids.

According to recent calculations, Ramadan’s new moon will begin on February 17 at 3:01pm Mecca time (12:01 GMT). However, due to the short duration of the new moon’s visibility, it is unlikely that anyone across the globe will see the crescent moon that evening. The first day of Ramadan is expected to be on February 19.

Different organizations and councils have announced conflicting start dates for Ramadan. The Fiqh Council of North America and the Islamic Society of North America have stated that Ramadan will begin on February 18, based on astronomical calculations. In contrast, the European Council for Fatwa and Research has declared Thursday, February 19, as the first day of Ramadan. Turkey has also announced February 19 as the start date.

The exact start date of Ramadan remains uncertain until the moon sighting is confirmed by local authorities.

Source: Al Jazeera